The default set of headers passed to upstream is defined in ngx_http_proxy_headers. static ngx_keyval_t ngx_http_proxy_headers[] = { { ngx_string("Host"), ngx_string("$proxy_host") }, { ngx_string("Connection"), ngx_string("close") }, { ngx_string("Content-Length"), ngx_string("$proxy_internal_body_length") }, { ngx_string("Transfer-Encoding"), ngx_string("$proxy_internal_chunked") }, { ngx_string("TE"), ngx_string("") }, { ngx_string("Keep-Alive"), ngx_string("") }, { ngx_string("Expect"), ngx_string("") }, { ngx_string("Upgrade"), ngx_string("") }, { ngx_null_string, ngx_null_string } };